First estimations of the aerosol optical thickness using Langley Method at Southern Brazil (29.4°S, 53.8°W)

The first estimations of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) using Langley Method at Southern Space Observatory (SSO) at Southern Brazil (29.4°S, 53.8°W) are presented. In addition to ozone and sulphur dioxide columns, AOT can be obtained using Brewer Spectrophotometer at specific wavelengths: 306.3, 310.1, 313.5, 316.8 and 320.1 nm. The AOT was obtained for the period from November/2002 to May/2003. Very low AOT averages were obtained, whose values were about 0.21 ± 0.03 at 306.3 nm, 0.21 ± 0.02 at 310.1 nm, 0.19 ± 0.02 at 313.5 nm, 0.20 ± 0.02 at 316.8 nm and 0.20 ± 0.02 at 320.0 nm for all period analysed. Different behaviour of AOT were obtained at two daily specific periods of aerosol accumulation, one in the afternoons from November/2002 to February/2003, caused mainly by a mild biomass burning season’s in the region and other in the mornings from March to May/2003, due the high relative humidity presented in the region studied.     

射线检测厚度宽容度的分析与测定

厚度宽容度是变截面工件射线检测的重要参数。本文分析了典型工件的厚度差,以及不同灵敏度级别的厚度宽容度。应用胶片特性曲线、曝光曲线,从实验角度测量了厚度宽容度,并对结果作了分析和讨论。     

蓄冰盘管冰层厚度测量及管外蓄冰性能实验

提出了一种新型简便的冰层厚度测量方法,该方法用测量冰层内温度分布的方法间接测量冰层动态厚度及冰层的相界面生长规律。对蓄冰盘管外结冰过程的实验研究表明,测量方法可靠,具有较高的测量精度;实验发现,蓄冰盘管外上部冰层生长较快,而下部冰层生长较慢,而在实验参数范围内管内乙二醇水溶液流量对冰层生长速度影响不大。     

充液航天器液体晃动等效力学模型的建立

在考虑液体表面张力影响液体晃动求解的基础上,利用动力学方程等价准则,建立了三轴定向充液卫星在二维平动和二维摆动扰动作用下的空间摆等效力学模型,并对两种情况下等效摆的主要参数进行了计算和比较。结果表明,考虑表面张力时,液体的晃动特性对航天器姿态控制系统稳定性有不利影响。     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

变厚度锥形壳的固有频率

 变厚度锥形壳体的固有频率使用有限元计算已无困难,但有限元法编制程序复杂、费时多。本文用半解析法,由锥形壳的基本方程导出等价的8个一阶微分方程,用数值积分方法得到变厚度锥形壳体的固有频率。方法简单,编程容易,计算精度已满足工程计算要求。     

原子钟时域频率稳定性计算方法

首先给出时域频率稳定性分析中各种方差的实用计算公式，并在此基础上分析各种方差特性，总结归纳其适用范围。分析表明：①阿仑方差是时域频率稳定性分析中最常用的方法，但不能区分调相白噪声和调相闪变噪声；②改进阿仑方差通过相位平滑运算能识别这2种噪声；③时间方差和时间总方差主要用于描述频率源的时间波动，主要用于分析调相噪声；④当频率漂移项较大或受甚低频噪声影响时，哈达玛系列方差能给出很好的测量特性。     

零件纵向厚度的计算方法

在用车床加工空心旋转体零件时，通过测量我们可以得出外轮廓曲线，但根据零件的设计技术要求，不同点处的法向厚度不同，因此在用车床加工时需要计算出各点的纵向厚度。本文给出了根据法向厚度及外曲线计算纵向厚度的方法．该方法简单、可靠，易于计算，而且由此方法计算的结果应用到实际加工时，效果非常好，该方法实用性强，易于推广使用。     

应用等效系统法评价飞行品质

本文介绍等效系统方法在评价飞行品质中的应用,包括等效系统方法的原理、所采用的数学模型和进行等效系统拟配的数学方法。最后,介绍了具体拟配过程中应当考虑的若干问题。     

磁控溅射沉积工艺条件对薄膜厚度均匀性的影响

薄膜厚度均匀性是衡量薄膜质量和镀膜装置性能的一项重要指标.在自行设计的磁控溅射沉积设备上,对薄膜沉积工艺中靶基间距、溅射功率、工作气压对膜厚均匀性的影响进行了研究,由连续光谱椭圆偏光仪SE800测量薄膜厚度.结果表明:靶基间距较大的情况下,薄膜均匀性明显改善;溅射功率和工作气压对薄膜均匀性也有较大的影响.